2010年9月27日 星期一

Schools struggle to find Headteachers

Schools struggle to find Headteachers
許多學校在努力尋找校長
Schools are struggling to find suitably qualified headteachers, says a survey.
On the day before the prime minister is to announce details of a leadership college for headteachers, a survey claims that a fifth of schools in England and Wales looking for a new headteacher were unable to find a suitable candidate.
一項調查指出很多學校正在努力找尋合格的校長職位。英國首相要宣布學校校長領導的細節的前一天,一項調查結果指出:有五分之一英國及威爾士學校無法找到合適的校長人選。
The prime minister is expected to call on headteachers to become allies in his campaign to raise standards in schools, but the recruitment problems will be used as evidence of the practical concerns over pay and conditions.
英國首相呼籲所有校長應參與他的政策已提高學校標準,但聘用問題被視為薪酬與條件的實際證據。
The National Association of Head Teachers which commissioned the survey says that this is a warning to the government of the need to acknowledge the demands put upon headteachers.
全國校長協會委託的調查指出:這是給政府一個警訊,政府應該了解校長的需求。
"The lesson for the government is not only that pay levels remain unattractive, but that large numbers of heads regard the headteacher's job as unmanageable," said the NAHT's general secretary, David Hart.
David Hart, 全國校長協會總秘書認為,「對於政府的教訓不僅在於無吸引力的薪酬而且許多首長認為校長的工作是難以管理的」。
The survey found that there was a particular problem in London, with 40% of schools having to re-advertise after failing to receive any suitable applications.
此項調查發現,倫敦正存在一個特殊問題,40%學校在失敗於招聘適合人選之後須再廣告。
Teacher appraisals for performance pay 教師績效薪酬的考核
Problems were greater in primary schools than secondary, with many schools having difficulty in drawing up a shortlist. Only 30% of schools managed to find more than five suitable candidates for interview - with the average shortlist including less than three candidates.
國小學校的問題比國中學校更嚴重,許多學校無法成立一個人選名單。只有30%學校找出五位適合人選以上來面談,其他學校的名單的平均人選為三位以下。
In London the problem for primary schools was even greater, with only 15% of schools getting shortlists with more than five candidates.
在倫敦,小學學校問題更為嚴重,只有15%學校有超過5個人參選校長。
The prime minister, addressing headteachers on Thursday, is expected to call upon heads to support the government's proposals to reform teachers' pay - which will involve headteachers carrying out appraisals on which performance pay will be determined.
英國首相在禮拜五的發言中呼籲各位首長應支持政府的提案,改革教師薪酬,此方案會影響校長執行薪酬考績制度的決定。

2010年9月20日 星期一

Retaining principals

Retaining principals  留任校長 
By Hertling, Elizabeth
          近年來許多學校缺乏校長職位參選人已經受到大眾媒體的紛紛報導,在這學年度(2001)開始,有許多學校已開始徵用臨時校長(temporary principals)來彌補因校長退休所造成的空缺。
         美國國家小學校長協會在1998年針對中小學校長進行研究發現,在十年中的校長,有42%校長會繼續留任到下一個十年,缺乏校長使得留任校長成為更重要的。
        為何校長要離開他們的工作崗位?
       今日校長面臨建立全學校願景的複雜工作,也要必須擔任教學領導,規劃有效率及專業的發展計畫,領導教師,處理學校紀律,參與與解決事件,協調巴士以及其他關於學校視導的細節。
        Diane Yerkes and Curtis Guaglianone (1998)認為,「總之,校長必須是英雄」。許多因素讓校長感到具有壓力,茲說明如下:
   l   超時工作:長時間的工作,每週為60-80小時的工作時數。
   l   工作量大及複雜。
   l   視導無止盡的夜間活動。
   l   薪水不高:與教師及行政人員之間的薪水差距不高
   l   備受期待:感受到必須備極高的期待
   l   州政府與學區要求回覆成堆的文件。
   l   社會變遷:快速變遷的社會及社會問題。
        與日俱增的職位要求,使許多校長感到壓力並覺得喪失價值。
        Carole Kennedy, 一位在美國教育部任職的校長認為:「在以往可能成為一個好的管理者但現在校長必須作每件事,從確保外籍生學習英語,必須帶領全部小孩達到高標準,甚至更高」。
         校長權威被侵蝕及面臨改變,日益增加的績效期望,缺乏支持,具有壓力的政治環境等因素,迫使校長們離開工作崗位以及教室教學工作(Adams 1999)